Concordis Briefings

Border Management and Security Resources

Border Management and Security Resources

The following resources were distributed at the Border Management and Security Workshop conducted by Concordis International and the Government of Southern Sudan Ministry of Peace and CPA Implementation in Juba, June 2011, funded by the European Union. 

Concordis Briefings on Sudan Border Management and Security

Briefing 1: Overarching Inter-Governmental Frameworks: Comparative Reflections on Nigeria’s Tested Mechanisms
by Anthony I. Asiwaju, Emeritus Professor of History, University of Lagos.

Briefing 2: Trade and Cross-Border Economic Cooperation
by Dr. Mohamadou Abdoul, Coordinator of Inter-Afriques Unit, Enda Diapol.

Briefing 3: Strategies in Border Management and Security
by Nelson Alusala, Institute for Security Studies, South Africa.

Briefing 4: Border Management and Security in Africa
by Dr. Wafula Okumu, Capacity Building Officer, African Union Border Program.

Briefing 5: Policy Frameworks for Cross-Border Transhumance
by Dr. Mohamadou Abdoul, Coordinator of Inter-Afriques Unit, Enda Diapol.



Concordis Cross-Border Relations Project Resources

USIP Report by Concordis: More than a Line: the North-South Border
Cross-Border Relations Project Summaries and Reports


Additional Presentation on Border Management and Security

Presentation: History of the Community Regional Policy - From a War to a Community
by Jose A. Ruiz de Casas, Territorial Cooperation Unit, DG Regional Policy, European Commission



Additional Resources

Conciliation Resources - Building Peace Across Borders, Policy Brief, 2011
Comesa - Hidden Value on the Hoof: Cross-Border Livestock Trade in Eastern Africa, Policy Brief 2, February 2009



 

 


Concordis Briefing 1: 'Overarching Inter-Governmental Frameworks: Comparative Reflections on Nigeria’s Tested Mechanisms'

Concordis Briefing 1: 'Overarching Inter-Governmental Frameworks: Comparative Reflections on Nigeria’s Tested Mechanisms'

Overarching Inter-Governmental Frameworks: Comparative Reflections on Nigeria’s Tested Mechanisms 
by Anthony I. Asiwaju, Emeritus Professor of History, University of Lagos.

Synopsis: 
In many cases in history, border relations between states have made a transition between two stages. In the first stage, there has been a conflictual relationship between the states, the borders may have been contested, and the boundaries have acted as barriers. In the second stage, the relationships have changed and the boundaries have become used as bridges serving many positive functions as part of a mutually agreed process of regional cooperation and integration. It is possible and desirable for such a transition to be achieved in Sudan. This transition will require the implementation of a systematic policy framework. There are numerous examples from inside and outside of Africa which can inform and guide a Sudanese approach.

 

This briefing paper looks in detail at the border challenges experienced in Nigeria and that country’s borders’ transition from barriers to bridges. It also gives a comprehensive overview table of cases from other countries, identifying in each case the challenges faced, which instruments were formulated in response to these challenges, which institutions were established and the mandates, achievements and recommendations of these institutions. Please click here for Concordis Briefing 1.

Concordis Briefing 2: 'Trade and Cross-Border Economic Cooperation'

Concordis Briefing 2: 'Trade and Cross-Border Economic Cooperation'

Trade and Cross-Border Economic Cooperation 

by Dr. Mohamadou Abdoul, Coordinator of Inter-Afriques Unit, Enda Diapol


Synopsis: 
Cross-Border Trade and Economic Cooperation are drivers for the development of border zones, setting out an environment conducive to the development of the infrastructure, markets, transports and other social sectors. Trade and Economic Cross-Border Cooperation are among the mechanisms that contribute to peacemaking and development in border zones. Trade and economic sectors are the most dynamic domains in Cross-Border Cooperation processes. They should be regulated and integrated within a common vision and shared objectives. Commercial exchanges and economic relations beyond borders are most effective when there is peace and stability and when each stakeholder is recognized and their role promoted in border management frameworks. It is also essential that the process of setting up a framework of trade and economic Cross-Border Cooperation be done in a concerted way and with inclusive strategies that involve all concerned stakeholders. Please click here for Concordis Briefing 2.   

 


Concordis Briefing 3: 'Strategies in Border Management and Security'

Concordis Briefing 3: 'Strategies in Border Management and Security'

Strategies in Border Management and Security

by Nelson Alusala, Institute for Security Studies, South Africa


Synopsis: 
This briefing paper provides a discussion on the effective management of borders. The aim is to inform ongoing conversations around North-South Sudan border management strategies. The paper argues with reference to a number of case studies that the benefits of a soft border outweigh those of a hard border. Please click here for Concordis Briefing 3.

 


Concordis Briefing 4: 'Border Management and Security in Africa'

Concordis Briefing 4: 'Border Management and Security in Africa'

Border Management and Security in Africa
by Dr. Wafula Okumu, Capacity Building Officer, African Union Border Program

Synopsis: 
Any discussion of border management must start with a definition of key con-cepts and an understanding of the nature of a country’s boundaries, their length, the economic and anthropological characteristics, and how they are defined and marked. It must also be understood from the onset that border management is a joint undertaking of a gamut of governmental institutions, governments and border communities.
This paper is divided into three parts. The first part will give an overview and analysis of border management, particularly security issues, the second part will focus on addressing African border insecurities, and the third part will be a dis-cussion on enhancing border security through strategy design and building ca-pacities of institutions and personnel. Please click here for Concordis Briefing 4.

 


Concordis Briefing 5: 'Policy Frameworks for Cross-Border Transhumance'

Concordis Briefing 5: 'Policy Frameworks for Cross-Border Transhumance'

Policy Frameworks for Cross-Border Transhumance
by Dr. Mohamadou Abdoul, Coordinator of Inter-Afriques Unit, Enda Diapol

Synopsis: 
Cross-border transhumance is vital to the livelihoods of pastoral communities of northern and southern Sudan. Clear and agreed rules should regulate the mobility of cattle across borders. Policy frameworks for pastoralism should include cross-border transhumance. Linkages with existing and emerging regional initiatives are important in terms of building on best practice, policy coherence and policy harmonization. Local authorities and civil society have a major role to play in the management of cross-border transhumance. Please click here for Concordis Briefing 5.  

 


Concordis Briefing 6: 'An Introduction to Issues in Border Management'

Concordis Briefing 6: 'An Introduction to Issues in Border Management'

An Introduction to Issues to issues in Border Management by Professor Anthony Ijaola Asiwaju, Emeritus Professor of History, University of Lagos President, Africa Regional Institute.

Synopsis: This briefing paper looks at issues surrounding border management. The first section focuses on conceptual issues and highlights basic, relevant concepts of border management. This is then followed by a discussion on the global and comparative evolution of 'open' and 'closed' borders and an outline of border policy choices and changes in post-indepedence Africa. The final section looks at how the border between Sudan and South Sudan have been managed in light of global and African continental trends. For the full briefing please click here. 

إحاطة باللغة العربية

إحاطة باللغة العربية

1.Concordis Briefing 1: 'Overarching Inter-Governmental Frameworks: Comparative Reflections on Nigeria’s Tested Mechanisms'
أطر العمل الشاملة فيما بين الحكومات الانعكاسات المقارنة على الآلية النيجيرية المجربة

2.Concordis Briefing 2: 'Trade and Cross-Border Economic Cooperation'
 لتجارة والتعاون الاقتصادي عبر الحدود 

3.Concordis Briefing 3: 'Strategies in Border Management and Security'
استراتيجيات إدارة الحدود وتأمينها 

4.Concordis Briefing 4: 'Border Management and Security in Africa'
 إدارة الحدود في أفريقيا وتأمينها

5.Concordis Briefing 5: 'Policy Frameworks for Cross-Border Transhumance'
 الأطر السياسية للارتحال الموسمي عبر الحدود 

Sudan Consultations 2010: Cross-Border Relations Project Reports and Summaries

The Cross-Border Relations Project

Concordis International is working in Sudan in partnership with the Centre for Peace and Development Studies (CPDS) of the University of Juba to facilitate a research-based dialogue project aiming to inform local and national peace and development processes, supporting cooperative, secure and economically viable relations across Sudan’s North-South border beyond 2011.

The project involves engaging border communities and authorities in the states along the North-South border as well as decision makers and opinion leaders in Khartoum and Juba.

A round of workshops are being facilitated in the border states, informed by a team comprising Concordis staff, CPDS researchers, and senior African experts. After these statelevel meetings, the project will bring workshop participants and additional policy makers together in a series of regional cross-border workshops, conferences, and briefings.

A one-page summary explaining the Cross-Border Relations Project can be downloaded here.


Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities

Unity State, Southern Sudan:

From 29 March to 31 March 2010 we facilitated a State Workshop in Bentiu, Unity State, under the title Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities to build concensus in Unity State.

This three day meeting brought together traditional authorities, civil leaders, and county authorities from the border Counties of Unity State, as well as relevant State level Commissions and Ministries. The workshop was an opportunity for border communities to develop principles and proposals to help inform what the border becomes; and help ensure that it works in the interests of a sustainable Sudanese peace.

Please click here to download the 2-page summary of the workshop, and click here for the full-length report.


Upper Nile State, Southern Sudan:

From 20 May to 22 May 2010 we facilitated a State Workshop in Renk, Upper Nile State, under the title Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities to build consensus in Upper Nile State.

This three day meeting brought together traditional authorities, government officials and civil society representatives, such as leaders of women and youth associations and religious leaders, from the Payams of Renk, Mabaan and Manyo Counties in Northern Upper Nile State, which are adjacent to the 1/1/1956 border between Northern and Southern Sudan. The workshop was an opportunity for border communities to articulate principles and proposals to help inform the management of the border and cross‐border relations; and help ensure that it works in the interests of a sustainable Sudanese peace over the long term.

Please click here to download the 2-page summary of the workshop, and click here for the full-length report.


White Nile State, Northern Sudan:

From 25 May until 27 May 2010 we facilitated a State Workshop in Kosti, White Nile State, under the title Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities to build consensus in White Nile State.

This three day meeting brought together traditional authorities, government officials and representatives of civil society, such as leaders of youth and women associations and religious leaders, from the tribes in southern White Nile state, who live adjacent to, and frequently move across, the 1/1/1956 border between Northern and Southern Sudan. Attending tribes included Silaim and Al‐Ahamda tribes from the western bank of the river, Sabaha and Nazi tribes from the eastern side, and others such as Dar_Miharib. The workshop was an opportunity for border communities to articulate principles and proposals to help inform the management of the border and cross‐border relations; and help ensure that it works this the interests of a sustainable Sudanese peace over the long term.

Please click here to download the 2-page summary of the workshop, and click here for the full-length report.


Agok, Abyei Area, Sudan:

From 15 June until 17 June 2010 we facilitated an Area Workshop in Agok, Abyei Area, under the title Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities to build consensus on Abyei.

This three day meeting brought together traditional authorities, local administrators, Abyei Area Administration officials and representatives of civil society, such as leaders of women and youth associations from Dinka Ngok communities in the Abyei Area. The workshop was an opportunity for border communities to articulate principles and proposals to help inform the management of the border and cross-border relations; and help ensure that it works in the interests of a sustainable Sudanese peace over the long term.

Please click here to download the 2-page summary of the workshop, and click here for the full-length report.


El-Muglad, Southern Kordofan, Sudan:

From 5 July until 7 July 2010 we facilitated an Area Workshop in el-Muglad, under the title Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities to build consensus on Abyei.

This three day meeting brought together traditional authorities, government officials and representatives of civil society such as leaders of youth and women associations and religious leaders, from the Misseriya tribe in the locality of Abyei. The workshop was an opportunity for border communities to articulate principles and proposals to help inform the management of the border and cross‐border relations; and help ensure that it works in the interests of a sustainable Sudanese peace over the long term.

Please click here to download the 2-page summary of the workshop, and click here for the full length report.


Kadugli, Southern Kordofan, Sudan:

From 25 July until 27 July 2010 we facilitated an Area Workshop in Kadugli, under the title Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities to build consensus in Southern Kordofan State on cross border issues.

The workshop on ‘Cross-Border Relations beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities’ held in Kadugli from 25-27 July 2010 was one part of an incremental process aiming to support border communities to develop principles and proposals to help inform what the border becomes; and help ensure that it works in the interests of a sustainable Sudanese peace.  These reports document the discussions and conclusions of the border communities of Kadugli, Abu Gebeiha, Talodi, and Rashad localities.

Please click here to download the 2-page summary of the workshop, and click here for the full length report.

 

Damazin, Blue Nile State, Sudan:

From 31 July until 2 August 2010 we facilitated an Area Workshop in Damazin, under the title Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities to build consensus in Blue Nile State on cross border issues. 

The workshop on ‘Cross-Border Relations beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities’ was one part of an incremental process aiming to support border communities to develop principles and proposals to help inform what the border becomes; and help ensure that it works in the interests of a sustainable Sudanese peace. This report documents the discussions and conclusions of traditional authorities, government officials, and representatives of civil society such as leaders of youth and women associations and religious leaders. Participants came from Damazin, Roseires, and Kurmuk minicipalities. 

Please click here to download the 2-page summary of the workshop, and click here for the full length report.

 


Cross-Border Workshops Sudan

Concordis International facilitated two regional cross-border meetings in Damazin and Bentiu in Sudan bringing together officials, traditional authorities and civil society representatives from both sides of Sudan's North-South border to build consensus on the nature of cross-border relations beyond the referendum.

Click here for the resolutions from the participants in Damazin and here for the resolutions from the participants in Bentiu. In addition to these resolutions, participants specified action plans to enhance confidence, security and communication across the border in the coming weeks and months.

The two events were facilitated by Concordis International in partnership with the University of Juba Centre for Peace and Development Studies with support from the European Commission and the United States Agency for International Development.

Cross-Border Relations Beyond the Referendum: Challenges and Opportunities.
 

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